|
Joan Baez (; born January 9, 1941 as Joan Chandos Báez) is an American folk singer, songwriter, musician, and activist whose contemporary folk music often includes songs of protest or social justice.〔Jackson, Ernie. "Folk Guitarists." Joelma The Everything Guitar Book Joelma. F+W Publications Inc., 2007. Print.〕 Baez has performed publicly for over 55 years, releasing over 30 albums. Fluent in Spanish as well as in English, she has also recorded songs in at least six other languages. She is regarded as a folk singer, although her music has diversified since the counterculture days of the 1960s and now encompasses everything from folk rock and pop to country and gospel music. Although a songwriter herself, Baez is generally regarded as an interpreter of other composers' work, having recorded songs by the Allman Brothers Band, the Beatles, Jackson Browne, Leonard Cohen, Bob Dylan, Woody Guthrie, Violeta Parra, The Rolling Stones, Pete Seeger, Paul Simon, Stevie Wonder and many others. In recent years, she has found success interpreting songs of modern songwriters such as Ryan Adams, Josh Ritter, Steve Earle and Natalie Merchant. Her recordings include many topical songs and material dealing with social issues. She began her recording career in 1960 and achieved immediate success. Her first three albums, ''Joan Baez'', ''Joan Baez, Vol. 2'', and ''Joan Baez in Concert'' all achieved gold record status and stayed on the charts of hit albums for two years. Baez has had a popular hit song with "Diamonds & Rust" and hit covers of Phil Ochs's "There but for Fortune" and The Band's "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down". Other songs associated with Baez include "Farewell, Angelina", "Love Is Just a Four-Letter Word", "Joe Hill", "Sweet Sir Galahad" and "We Shall Overcome". She performed three of the songs at the 1969 Woodstock Festival, thus helping to bring the songs of Bob Dylan to national prominence, and has displayed a lifelong commitment to political and social activism in the fields of nonviolence, civil rights, human rights and the environment. ==Early life== Baez was born on Staten Island, New York, in 1941. Her father, Albert Baez, was born in 1912 in Puebla, Puebla, Mexico, and died on March 20, 2007.〔Liberatore, Paul (May 20, 2007). ("Noted scientist was father of Joan Baez and Mimi Farina" ). ''Marin Independent Journal''. Retrieved May 8, 2010.〕 His father, Joan's grandfather, the Reverend Alberto Baez, left Catholicism to become a Methodist minister and moved to the U.S. when Albert was two years old. Albert grew up in Brooklyn, New York, where his father preached to—and advocated for—a Spanish-speaking congregation.〔Baez, Rev. Alberto (October 11, 1935). ( Clergy letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, FDR Personal File ), ''newdeal.feri.org''; New Deal Network. Retrieved May 10, 2007.〕 Albert first considered becoming a minister but instead he turned to the study of mathematics and physics, where he later became a co-inventor of the x-ray microscope.〔Baez, Albert V. ("Anecdotes about the Early Days of X-Ray Optics" ) ''Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology''; ISSN: 0895-3996. Volume 8, number 2, 1998. Pages: 90...〕〔Albert V. Baez (June 7, 1952). ("Resolving Power in Diffraction Microscopy with Special Reference to X-Rays" ) ''Nature'' 169, 963–964; 〕 The Baez family converted to Quakerism during Joan's early childhood, and she has continued to identify with the tradition, particularly in her commitment to pacifism and social issues.〔(Post City Toronto |Q&A: Joan Baez on religion... )〕 While growing up, Baez was subjected to racial slurs and discrimination due to her Mexican heritage and features. Because of this, she became involved with a variety of social causes early in her career. She declined to play in any venues that were segregated, which meant that when she toured the Southern states she would only play at black colleges. Her mother, Joan (Bridge) Baez, referred to as Joan Senior or "Big Joan", was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, the second daughter of an English Anglican priest descended from the Dukes of Chandos.〔Londoner's Diary (March 19, 2012) • (''From hippy trail to the aristocracy'' ) • ''www.thisislondon.co.uk''〕 Born in April 1913, she died on April 20, 2013, days after her one hundredth birthday. Baez had two sisters — the elder, Pauline, and the younger, Mimi Fariña. Mimi, also a musician and activist, died of cancer in California in 2001. Because of her father's work in health care and with UNESCO, the family moved many times, living in towns across the U.S, as well as in England, France, Switzerland, Spain, Canada, and the Middle East, including Iraq, where they were in 1951. Joan became involved with a variety of social causes early in her career, including civil rights and non-violence.〔Jackson, Ernie (2007). (The Everything Guitar Book: Joan Baez. ) Adams Media; 2nd ed. ISBN 1-59869-250-X. Retrieved June 17, 2010.〕 Social justice, she stated in the PBS series ''American Masters'', is the true core of her life, "looming larger than music". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joan Baez」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|